Rock 3A v1.31版本8G内存，依照https://www.waveshare.net/wiki/ROCK3_Model_A中的方法刷入spl和spi模块，然后使用nvme硬盘启动无法正常启动，提示no root device specified. Boot arguments must include a root= parameter。通过串口得到的调试信息如下：
DDR Version V1.10 20210810
In
ddrconfig:7
LPDDR4X, 324MHz
BW=32 Col=10 Bk=8 CS0 Row=17 CS1 Row=17 CS=2 Die BW=8 Size=8192MB
tdqss: cs0 dqs0: -24ps, dqs1: -72ps, dqs2: -72ps, dqs3: -120ps,
tdqss: cs1 dqs0: 48ps, dqs1: -96ps, dqs2: -48ps, dqs3: -144ps,
change to: 324MHz
PHY drv:clk:36,ca:36,DQ:29,odt:60
vrefinner:16%, vrefout:41%
dram drv:40,odt:0
clk skew:0x61
change to: 528MHz
PHY drv:clk:36,ca:36,DQ:29,odt:60
vrefinner:16%, vrefout:41%
dram drv:40,odt:0
clk skew:0x58
change to: 780MHz
PHY drv:clk:36,ca:36,DQ:29,odt:60
vrefinner:16%, vrefout:41%
dram drv:40,odt:0
clk skew:0x58
change to: 1056MHz(final freq)
PHY drv:clk:36,ca:36,DQ:29,odt:60
vrefinner:16%, vrefout:22%
dram drv:40,odt:80
vref_ca:00000071
clk skew:0x36
cs 0:
the read training result:
DQS0:0x39, DQS1:0x3b, DQS2:0x3f, DQS3:0x38,
min : 0x8 0x8 0xa 0x7 0x1 0x2 0x5 0x2 , 0x8 0x6 0x2 0x1 0xa 0x8 0x8 0x7 ,
0xe 0xf 0xa 0xa 0x4 0x1 0x3 0x6 , 0x8 0x5 0x4 0x1 0xb 0xb 0x9 0xa ,
mid :0x24 0x25 0x27 0x25 0x1c 0x1f 0x22 0x1f ,0x24 0x23 0x1e 0x1f 0x27 0x25 0x26 0x23 ,
0x2b 0x2b 0x28 0x26 0x21 0x1f 0x21 0x23 ,0x25 0x23 0x23 0x1f 0x28 0x28 0x25 0x29 ,
max :0x41 0x43 0x44 0x44 0x38 0x3c 0x3f 0x3d ,0x41 0x41 0x3a 0x3e 0x44 0x42 0x44 0x40 ,
0x48 0x47 0x47 0x43 0x3f 0x3e 0x40 0x40 ,0x42 0x42 0x42 0x3e 0x46 0x46 0x42 0x49 ,
range:0x39 0x3b 0x3a 0x3d 0x37 0x3a 0x3a 0x3b ,0x39 0x3b 0x38 0x3d 0x3a 0x3a 0x3c 0x39 ,
0x3a 0x38 0x3d 0x39 0x3b 0x3d 0x3d 0x3a ,0x3a 0x3d 0x3e 0x3d 0x3b 0x3b 0x39 0x3f ,
the write training result:
DQS0:0x33, DQS1:0x2d, DQS2:0x2d, DQS3:0x26,
min :0x5b 0x5b 0x5d 0x5c 0x52 0x55 0x58 0x59 0x56 ,0x54 0x54 0x4f 0x50 0x58 0x55 0x58 0x56 0x53 ,
0x54 0x55 0x50 0x50 0x4b 0x48 0x4b 0x50 0x4f ,0x50 0x4f 0x4e 0x4b 0x54 0x54 0x52 0x56 0x4d ,
mid :0x77 0x78 0x79 0x78 0x6e 0x70 0x73 0x73 0x71 ,0x71 0x6f 0x6a 0x6b 0x73 0x70 0x72 0x72 0x6e ,
0x71 0x72 0x6d 0x6d 0x66 0x62 0x66 0x6b 0x6b ,0x6d 0x6a 0x69 0x67 0x6f 0x6f 0x6c 0x71 0x69 ,
max :0x94 0x95 0x95 0x95 0x8a 0x8c 0x8f 0x8e 0x8d ,0x8f 0x8a 0x86 0x87 0x8f 0x8c 0x8c 0x8e 0x8a ,
0x8f 0x8f 0x8b 0x8a 0x81 0x7c 0x81 0x86 0x88 ,0x8a 0x85 0x84 0x83 0x8a 0x8b 0x87 0x8d 0x85 ,
range:0x39 0x3a 0x38 0x39 0x38 0x37 0x37 0x35 0x37 ,0x3b 0x36 0x37 0x37 0x37 0x37 0x34 0x38 0x37 ,
0x3b 0x3a 0x3b 0x3a 0x36 0x34 0x36 0x36 0x39 ,0x3a 0x36 0x36 0x38 0x36 0x37 0x35 0x37 0x38 ,
cs 1:
the read training result:
DQS0:0x3a, DQS1:0x3b, DQS2:0x40, DQS3:0x35,
min : 0x8 0x8 0xa 0x7 0x1 0x2 0x4 0x2 , 0x7 0x6 0x2 0x1 0xa 0x8 0x9 0x7 ,
0xe 0xf 0xb 0x9 0x3 0x1 0x2 0x6 , 0x7 0x4 0x5 0x1 0xb 0xa 0x8 0xa ,
mid :0x24 0x25 0x27 0x25 0x1d 0x1f 0x21 0x1f ,0x24 0x23 0x1d 0x1f 0x27 0x25 0x27 0x24 ,
0x2b 0x2c 0x29 0x27 0x21 0x20 0x21 0x24 ,0x23 0x21 0x22 0x1e 0x27 0x26 0x23 0x28 ,
max :0x41 0x43 0x44 0x44 0x39 0x3c 0x3f 0x3c ,0x42 0x41 0x39 0x3e 0x45 0x43 0x46 0x41 ,
0x49 0x4a 0x48 0x45 0x40 0x3f 0x41 0x42 ,0x40 0x3f 0x3f 0x3c 0x43 0x43 0x3f 0x46 ,
range:0x39 0x3b 0x3a 0x3d 0x38 0x3a 0x3b 0x3a ,0x3b 0x3b 0x37 0x3d 0x3b 0x3b 0x3d 0x3a ,
0x3b 0x3b 0x3d 0x3c 0x3d 0x3e 0x3f 0x3c ,0x39 0x3b 0x3a 0x3b 0x38 0x39 0x37 0x3c ,
the write training result:
DQS0:0x33, DQS1:0x2d, DQS2:0x2d, DQS3:0x26,
min :0x64 0x66 0x67 0x66 0x5b 0x5e 0x63 0x63 0x61 ,0x50 0x50 0x4b 0x4b 0x54 0x51 0x54 0x52 0x50 ,
0x57 0x59 0x53 0x53 0x4e 0x4c 0x4f 0x53 0x50 ,0x4e 0x4c 0x4b 0x49 0x50 0x51 0x4f 0x53 0x4b ,
mid :0x81 0x83 0x84 0x83 0x78 0x7a 0x7e 0x7e 0x7c ,0x6e 0x6c 0x68 0x68 0x70 0x6d 0x6f 0x6e 0x6b ,
0x74 0x75 0x70 0x6f 0x68 0x66 0x6a 0x6e 0x6c ,0x6a 0x67 0x66 0x64 0x6c 0x6c 0x6a 0x6f 0x65 ,
max :0x9e 0xa0 0xa1 0xa0 0x95 0x97 0x9a 0x99 0x97 ,0x8d 0x89 0x85 0x85 0x8d 0x89 0x8a 0x8a 0x87 ,
0x91 0x91 0x8d 0x8c 0x83 0x81 0x85 0x89 0x89 ,0x87 0x82 0x81 0x80 0x88 0x88 0x85 0x8b 0x80 ,
range:0x3a 0x3a 0x3a 0x3a 0x3a 0x39 0x37 0x36 0x36 ,0x3d 0x39 0x3a 0x3a 0x39 0x38 0x36 0x38 0x37 ,
0x3a 0x38 0x3a 0x39 0x35 0x35 0x36 0x36 0x39 ,0x39 0x36 0x36 0x37 0x38 0x37 0x36 0x38 0x35 ,
CA Training result:
cs:0 min :0x48 0x4b 0x42 0x41 0x41 0x40 0x46 ,0x46 0x46 0x40 0x3f 0x40 0x40 0x47 ,
cs:0 mid :0x88 0x89 0x82 0x80 0x81 0x7e 0x77 ,0x86 0x83 0x80 0x7d 0x7f 0x7e 0x78 ,
cs:0 max :0xc8 0xc7 0xc2 0xbf 0xc2 0xbc 0xa9 ,0xc6 0xc1 0xc0 0xbb 0xbf 0xbc 0xaa ,
cs:0 range:0x80 0x7c 0x80 0x7e 0x81 0x7c 0x63 ,0x80 0x7b 0x80 0x7c 0x7f 0x7c 0x63 ,
cs:1 min :0x43 0x4c 0x3e 0x42 0x40 0x40 0x47 ,0x42 0x48 0x3e 0x40 0x3e 0x41 0x46 ,
cs:1 mid :0x86 0x88 0x80 0x7f 0x81 0x7c 0x79 ,0x85 0x83 0x7f 0x7b 0x7f 0x7d 0x77 ,
cs:1 max :0xca 0xc4 0xc3 0xbd 0xc3 0xb9 0xac ,0xc8 0xbf 0xc1 0xb7 0xc1 0xb9 0xa8 ,
cs:1 range:0x87 0x78 0x85 0x7b 0x83 0x79 0x65 ,0x86 0x77 0x83 0x77 0x83 0x78 0x62 ,
out
U-Boot SPL board init
U-Boot SPL 2017.09-g693c4cd017e-211223 #stephen (Feb 10 2022 - 17:42:12)
Trying to boot from MMC2
MMC error: The cmd index is 1, ret is -110
Card did not respond to voltage select!
mmc_init: -95, time 10
spl: mmc init failed with error: -95
Trying to boot from MMC1
MMC error: The cmd index is 0, ret is -110
mmc_init: -110, time 5
spl: mmc init failed with error: -110
Trying to boot from MTD2
No misc partition
Verified-boot: 0
Checking atf-1 0x00040000 … sha256(fe4f274c06…) + OK
Checking uboot 0x00a00000 … sha256(ce094643a9…) + OK
Checking fdt 0x00b2f650 … sha256(c721e0d639…) + OK
Checking atf-2 0x00068000 … sha256(8d44036095…) + OK
Checking atf-3 0xfdcd0000 … sha256(e410275b51…) + OK
Checking atf-4 0xfdcc9000 … sha256(990c53fc01…) + OK
Checking atf-5 0x00066000 … sha256(315a4195a9…) + OK
Jumping to U-Boot(0x00a00000) via ARM Trusted Firmware(0x00040000)
Total: 538.876 ms
INFO: Preloader serial: 2
NOTICE: BL31: v2.3():v2.3-181-gc9a647cae:cl
NOTICE: BL31: Built : 10:55:41, Oct 18 2021
INFO: GICv3 without legacy support detected.
INFO: ARM GICv3 driver initialized in EL3
INFO: pmu v1 is valid
INFO: dfs DDR fsp_param[0].freq_mhz= 1056MHz
INFO: dfs DDR fsp_param[1].freq_mhz= 324MHz
INFO: dfs DDR fsp_param[2].freq_mhz= 528MHz
INFO: dfs DDR fsp_param[3].freq_mhz= 780MHz
INFO: Using opteed sec cpu_context!
INFO: boot cpu mask: 0
INFO: BL31: Initializing runtime services
WARNING: No OPTEE provided by BL2 boot loader, Booting device without OPTEE initialization. SMC`s destined for OPTEE will return SMC_UNK
ERROR: Error initializing runtime service opteed_fast
INFO: BL31: Preparing for EL3 exit to normal world
INFO: Entry point address = 0xa00000
INFO: SPSR = 0x3c9
U-Boot 2017.09-g693c4cd017e-211223 #stephen (Feb 10 2022 - 17:42:12 +0800)
Model: Radxa ROCK 3 Model A
PreSerial: 2, raw, 0xfe660000
DRAM: 7.7 GiB
Sysmem: init
Relocation Offset: ed349000
Relocation fdt: eb9f7320 - eb9fecd0
CR: M/C/I
Using default environment
SF: Detected sfc_nor with page size 256 Bytes, erase size 4 KiB, total 16 MiB
Bootdev(atags): mtd 2
PartType: EFI
No misc partition
boot mode: None
FIT: No boot partition
No resource partition
No resource partition
Failed to load DTB, ret=-19
Failed to get kernel dtb, ret=-19
I2c0 speed: 100000Hz
vsel-gpios- not found! Error: -2
vdd_cpu 1025000 uV
PMIC: RK8090 (on=0x40, off=0x00)
vdd_logic init 900000 uV
vdd_gpu init 900000 uV
vdd_npu init 900000 uV
io-domain: OK
Model: Radxa ROCK 3 Model A
rockchip_set_serialno: could not find efuse/otp device
CLK: (sync kernel. arm: enter 816000 KHz, init 816000 KHz, kernel 0N/A)
apll 816000 KHz
dpll 528000 KHz
gpll 1188000 KHz
cpll 1000000 KHz
npll 24000 KHz
vpll 24000 KHz
hpll 24000 KHz
ppll 200000 KHz
armclk 816000 KHz
aclk_bus 150000 KHz
pclk_bus 50000 KHz
aclk_top_high 300000 KHz
aclk_top_low 200000 KHz
hclk_top 150000 KHz
pclk_top 50000 KHz
aclk_perimid 300000 KHz
hclk_perimid 150000 KHz
pclk_pmu 100000 KHz
No misc partition
Net: No ethernet found.
Hit key to stop autoboot(‘CTRL+C’): 0
Device 0: Vendor: 0x144d Rev: 4L1QCXB7 Prod: S35CNX0J844555
Type: Hard Disk
Capacity: 244198.3 MB = 238.4 GB (500118192 x 512)
… is now current device
Scanning nvme 0:1…
Found /extlinux/extlinux.conf
Retrieving file: /extlinux/extlinux.conf
reading /extlinux/extlinux.conf
900 bytes read in 0 ms
Ignoring unknown command: fdtoverlays
Ignoring unknown command: append
1: kernel-4.19.193-58-rockchip-gbac1feba87f0
Retrieving file: /initrd.img-4.19.193-58-rockchip-gbac1feba87f0
reading /initrd.img-4.19.193-58-rockchip-gbac1feba87f0
9040139 bytes read in 12 ms (718.4 MiB/s)
Retrieving file: /vmlinuz-4.19.193-58-rockchip-gbac1feba87f0
reading /vmlinuz-4.19.193-58-rockchip-gbac1feba87f0
20813832 bytes read in 29 ms (684.5 MiB/s)
Retrieving file: /dtbs/4.19.193-58-rockchip-gbac1feba87f0/rockchip/rk3568-rock-3-a.dtb
reading /dtbs/4.19.193-58-rockchip-gbac1feba87f0/rockchip/rk3568-rock-3-a.dtb
150839 bytes read in 3 ms (47.9 MiB/s)
Fdt Ramdisk skip relocation
No misc partition
Flattened Device Tree blob at 0x0a100000
Booting using the fdt blob at 0x0a100000
‘reserved-memory’ ramoops@110000: addr=110000 size=f0000
Using Device Tree in place at 000000000a100000, end 000000000a127d36
Adding bank: 0x00200000 - 0xf0000000 (size: 0xefe00000)
Adding bank: 0x100000000 - 0x200000000 (size: 0x100000000)
Total: 1420.520 ms
Starting kernel …