I have ~10 rockpi 5c wth eMMC module. I flashed eMMC from sd-card by doing:
sudo dd if=rock-5c_bookworm_cli_b1.output.img of=/dev/mmcblk0 status=progress bs=1M
Image I got from here (took the latest one):
None of the devices show any errors during flashing and all of them work fine being booted from sd-card. However half of them do not want to boot from eMMC on the first try or on some of the next. Black screen and constantly turned on blue LED. I tried to swap eMMC modules - does not help.
Here is an output from the serial console:
DDR 9fffbe1e78 cym 24/02/04-10:09:20,fwver: v1.16
DDR 9fffbe1e78 cym 24/02/04-10:09:20,fwver: v1.16
LPDDR4, 2112MHz
channel[0] BW=16 Col=10 Bk=8 CS0 Row=16 CS1 Row=16 CS=2 Die BW=16 Size=2048MB
channel[1] BW=16 Col=10 Bk=8 CS0 Row=16 CS1 Row=16 CS=2 Die BW=16 Size=2048MB
channel[2] BW=16 Col=10 Bk=8 CS0 Row=16 CS1 Row=16 CS=2 Die BW=16 Size=2048MB
channel[3] BW=16 Col=10 Bk=8 CS0 Row=16 CS1 Row=16 CS=2 Die BW=16 Size=2048MB
Manufacturer ID:0xff
CH0 RX Vref:34.4%, TX Vref:13.2%,13.2%
CH1 RX Vref:34.4%, TX Vref:13.2%,13.2%
CH2 RX Vref:37.7%, TX Vref:13.2%,13.2%
CH3 RX Vref:36.1%, TX Vref:13.2%,13.2%
change to F1: 528MHz
change to F2: 1068MHz
change to F3: 1560MHz
change to F0: 2112MHz
out
U-Boot SPL board init
U-Boot SPL rknext-2017.09-32-8ea7ee4-g38abc1d #runner (Jul 02 2024 - 09:48:29)
unrecognized JEDEC id bytes: 00, 00, 00
unknown raw ID 0 0 0
Trying to boot from MMC2
MMC: no card present
mmc_init: -123, time 0
spl: mmc init failed with error: -123
Trying to boot from MMC1
spl: partition error
Trying fit image at 0x4000 sector
## Verified-boot: 0
## Checking atf-1 0x00040000 ... sha256(a7d1d8d191...) + OK
## Checking uboot 0x00200000 ... sha256(b795b27827...) + OK
## Checking fdt 0x00323708 ... sha256(786894a475...) + OK
## Checking atf-2 0xff100000 ... sha256(4b2065349b...) + OK
## Checking atf-3 0x000f0000 ... sha256(aa71013e72...) + OK
Jumping to U-Boot(0x00200000) via ARM Trusted Firmware(0x00040000)
Total: 110.160/293.268 ms
INFO: Preloader serial: 2
NOTICE: BL31: v2.3():v2.3-682-g4ca8a8422:derrick.huang, fwver: v1.45
NOTICE: BL31: Built : 10:11:21, Dec 27 2023
INFO: spec: 0x13
INFO: code: 0x88
INFO: ext 32k is not valid
INFO: ddr: stride-en 4CH
INFO: GICv3 without legacy support detected.
INFO: ARM GICv3 driver initialized in EL3
INFO: valid_cpu_msk=0xff bcore0_rst = 0x0, bcore1_rst = 0x0
INFO: l3 cache partition cfg-0
INFO: system boots from cpu-hwid-0
INFO: disable memory repair
INFO: idle_st=0x21fff, pd_st=0x11fff9, repair_st=0xfff70001
INFO: dfs DDR fsp_params[0].freq_mhz= 2112MHz
INFO: dfs DDR fsp_params[1].freq_mhz= 528MHz
INFO: dfs DDR fsp_params[2].freq_mhz= 1068MHz
INFO: dfs DDR fsp_params[3].freq_mhz= 1560MHz
INFO: BL31: Initialising Exception Handling Framework
INFO: BL31: Initializing runtime services
WARNING: No OPTEE provided by BL2 boot loader, Booting device without OPTEE init
ialization. SMC`s destined for OPTEE will return SMC_UNK
ERROR: Error initializing runtime service opteed_fast
INFO: BL31: Preparing for EL3 exit to normal world
INFO: Entry point address = 0x200000
INFO: SPSR = 0x3c9
U-Boot rknext-2017.09-32-8ea7ee4-g38abc1d #runner (Jul 02 2024 - 09:48:27 +0000)
Model: Radxa ROCK 5C
MPIDR: 0x81000000
PreSerial: 2, raw, 0xfeb50000
DRAM: 8 GiB
Sysmem: init
Relocation Offset: eda3a000
Relocation fdt: eb9f93e0 - eb9fecd8
CR: M/C/I
Using default environment
DM: v2
mmc@fe2c0000: 1, mmc@fe2e0000: 0
Bootdev(atags): mmc 0
MMC0: HS400 Enhanced Strobe, 200Mhz
PartType: EFI
No misc partition
boot mode: None
FIT: No boot partition
Failed to load DTB, ret=-2
No valid DTB, ret=-22
Failed to get kernel dtb, ret=-22
Model: Radxa ROCK 5C
MPIDR: 0x81000000
starting USB...
Bus usb@fc800000: USB EHCI 1.00
Bus usb@fc840000: USB OHCI 1.0
Bus usb@fc880000: USB EHCI 1.00
Bus usb@fc8c0000: USB OHCI 1.0
scanning bus usb@fc800000 for devices... 2 USB Device(s) found
scanning bus usb@fc840000 for devices... 1 USB Device(s) found
scanning bus usb@fc880000 for devices... 1 USB Device(s) found
scanning bus usb@fc8c0000 for devices... 1 USB Device(s) found
scanning usb for storage devices... 0 Storage Device(s) found
No usb mass storage found
CLK: (sync kernel. arm: enter 1008000 KHz, init 1008000 KHz, kernel 0N/A)
b0pll 24000 KHz
b1pll 24000 KHz
lpll 24000 KHz
v0pll 24000 KHz
aupll 24000 KHz
cpll 1500000 KHz
gpll 1188000 KHz
npll 24000 KHz
ppll 1100000 KHz
aclk_center_root 702000 KHz
pclk_center_root 100000 KHz
hclk_center_root 396000 KHz
aclk_center_low_root 500000 KHz
aclk_top_root 750000 KHz
pclk_top_root 100000 KHz
aclk_low_top_root 396000 KHz
Net: No ethernet found.
Hit Ctrl+C key in 0 seconds to stop autoboot...
Device 0: unknown device
MMC: no card present
mmc_init: -123, time 1
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x0
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x0
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x2
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x2
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe Linking... LTSSM is 0x3
pcie@fe190000: PCIe-0 Link Fail
Device 0: unknown device
pcie@fe190000: failed to find reset-gpios property
Device 1: unknown device
switch to partitions #0, OK
mmc0(part 0) is current device
Scanning mmc 0:2...
Scanning mmc 0:3...
Found /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/extlinux.conf
1169 bytes read in 11 ms (103.5 KiB/s)
U-Boot menu
1: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm) 6.1.43-15-rk2312
2: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm) 6.1.43-15-rk2312 (rescue target)
Enter choice: 1: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm) 6.1.43-15-rk2312
Retrieving file: /boot/initrd.img-6.1.43-15-rk2312
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
Re-init retry timeout
** fs_devread read error - block
Skipping l0 for failure retrieving initrd
2: Debian GNU/Linux 12 (bookworm) 6.1.43-15-rk2312 (rescue target)
Retrieving file: /boot/initrd.img-6.1.43-15-rk2312
MMC error: The cmd index is 17, ret is -70
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
sdhci_transfer_data: Error detected in status(0x208000)!
mmc_bread: Re-init mmc_read_blocks error
Re-init retry timeout
** fs_devread read error - block
Skipping l0r for failure retrieving initrd
SCRIPT FAILED: continuing...
MMC error: The cmd index is 17, ret is -110
Device 2: unrecognized JEDEC id bytes: 00, 00, 00
unknown device
Device 1: unknown raw ID 0 0 0
Device 0: unknown device
pcie@fe190000: failed to find reset-gpios property
No ethernet found.
missing environment variable: pxeuuid
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/00000000
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/0000000
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/000000
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/00000
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/0000
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/000
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/00
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/0
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/default-arm-rockchip
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/default-arm
No ethernet found.
Retrieving file: /boot/extlinux/pxelinux.cfg/default
No ethernet found.
Config file not found
pcie@fe190000: failed to find reset-gpios property
No ethernet found.
Could not find misc partition
ANDROID: reboot reason: "(none)"
optee check api revision fail: -1.0
optee api revision is too low
### ERROR ### Please RESET the board ###