I ran a Camera Formats test with CTS Verifier 10_r3 on an Android 10 image (self build).
https://source.android.com/compatibility/cts/downloads
The Normal Preview looks fine, but the processed callback data is green all over, indicating that the data is probably not being acquired properly.
This is the same for both the NV21 and YU12.
Is there something wrong with the camera area on Android 10?
Camera in use:
https://www.waveshare.com/ov5648-5mp-usb-camera-a.htm