On the k3d / systemd front, that looks to me like systemd is actually segfaulting, which is odd. I wonder if there’s anything useful in the kernel logs (journalctl -k)?
For Talos, I wonder if it’s a kernel panic…the best way I know of for that would be to use a USB-TTL cable and watch the serial console. I’ve done a lot of that 
(It also might give reasonable output over HDMI? To be honest I’ve never tried.)